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光伏检测首页 > 光伏测试新闻 > 光伏测试介绍以及光伏行业分类简介!
光伏测试介绍以及光伏行业分类简介!
09-12 12:02
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发布时间:2022年6月20日                            作者:德国GMC-I高美测仪(上海电励士)

光伏行业介绍——光伏行业分类

按照制备划分,可以将光伏行业分为上下中游三类,其中上游产业多位于我国西北区;中游产业多位于江浙领域;下游产业大型电站多位于西北,分布式全国均有分布。

光伏行业分类介绍

光伏行业分类介绍

光伏行业介绍——炼硅与切片

【单晶硅棒】

单晶硅的制备采用籽晶提拉的技术,形成晶格统一轴向的硅棒,在提拉过程中,对炉内杂质、温控有非常高的要求。

单晶硅棒介绍

【多晶硅锭】

不管单晶或是多晶的制备,在制备完成后分切阶段会划分成A/B/C三个区,其中C区Z好,A区Z差,三个区的区别在于少子寿命、缺陷的多少,这会影响销售价格。因此在制备过程中对温区的均一性及稳定性有极高的要求。

多晶硅锭

【切片】

砂浆切割技术

砂浆切割技术

金刚线切割技术

金刚线切割技术

切片是采用钢线将硅锭切成薄片(大约180um),切割过程对稳定性要求较高。

光伏行业介绍——电池与组件

光伏电池厂现主推无人化工厂,对设备一直稳定性要求很高,若出现一次断电事故,

可造成印刷环节大批量的不良品,且无法返工。

【组件】

指具有封装及内部联结的,能单独提供直流电输出的,Z小不可分割的光伏电池组合装置。

光伏电池组件分类介绍

光伏组件电池耐压测试施加系统电压2倍+1000V,保持1分钟,记录漏电电流

                   a、无绝缘击穿或表面裂纹现象

                   b、漏电流不大于50uA

                   c、绝缘电阻不小于50MΩ

光伏组件电池绝缘测试施加500V或组件Z大系统电压的高值,维持电压2min,测量绝缘电阻

                  a、对面积不大于0.1m²的组件,不小于400MΩ

                  b、对面积大于0.1m²的组件,测试绝缘电阻乘以组件面积应不小于   

                       40MΩ*m²

光伏组件电池湿漏电测试将组件浸泡入22℃,表面张力不大于3N/m,电阻率不大于3500Ω*cm的 

                    溶液中,施压500V或系统电压峰值,测试2min

                  a、对面积不小于0.1m²的组件,不小于400MΩ

                  b、对面积大于0.1m²的组件,测试绝缘电阻乘以组件面积应不小于40MΩ*m²

测试的目的是对电池的输出功率进行标定,测试其输出特性,确定组件的质量等级。目前主要就是模拟太阳光的测试

1.标准条件:  AM1.5, 1000 W/m2,  25℃。

2.正确设定测试光强,范围在100—100.5mW/cm2,环境温度25±2℃,湿度在70%以下。

3.标准板电流校正范围±0.02A内,标准板功率校正范围在±1W内。

4.设备使用期间,生产人员每2小时重新校正一次,并做好电子版数据存档,以备工艺稽核人员抽检。

5.组件在恒温室放置直至至组件温度在25±2℃范围内才可进行测试。

6.测试在翻转组件时轻拿轻放,不允许有声音发出。

7.测试时保证组件正面清洁

光伏组件测试

测试设备要求:

☆ B级或更优的太阳模拟器

☆ 温度测试精度为±1℃,重复性为±0.5℃

☆ 测试测试样品与标准器件电流的仪器,精度为读数的±0.2%

☆ 测试测试样品与标准器件电压的仪器,精度为读数的±0.2%

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